Name: HabitatRichness_Hotspot_Nearshore

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Description: Data Sources:Habitat richness was calculated from eight habitat features: eelgrass, surfgrass, canopy-forming kelp, estuaries, areas of high rugosity, and hard, mixed, and soft substrate.Layers for eelgrass, surfgrass, canopy-forming kelp, and estuaries were assembled as part of an assessment of nearshore EBSA features (Rubidge et al. in revision). The kelp and eelgrass layers consist of polygons and ShoreZone biobands available from the British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis (BCMCA), and the estuary layer is from the Pacific Estuary Conservation Program, most recently updated in 2014, but originally developed in 2007 (Ryder et al. 2007). We used the BCMCA layer representing areas of high rugosity that was developed using the Benthic Terrain Modeller ArcGIS tool and the NRCAN 75 m bathymetry model (http://bcmca.ca/datafiles/individualfiles/bcmca_eco_physical_highrugosity_metadata.htm). Finally, for substrate type, we used three layers representing hard, mixed, and soft substrate in nearshore waters from a bottom patch model developed by Gregr et al. (2013).Methods summary:The nearshore area represents shallow coastal areas (any location 2 km from the coastline or shallower than 20 meters depth) and internal waterways and inlets. The eight layers were clipped to the nearshore area and overlaid with each other in ArcMap 10.4. Habitat richness was calculated by summing the number of features within 1 km x 1 km planning units. Habitat richness values were used to detect hotspots of habitat richness within the nearshore area using the Getis-Ord G* tool. The G* statistic represents the local neighbourhood sum compared proportionally to the sum of all features in the study area. When the local sum is significantly different from the expected sum, then that site is identified as a hotspot (high values; Gi_Bin>0), a cold spot (low values; Gi_Bin<0), or neutral (Gi_Bin=0). A 1 km distance value was used as the neighbourhood size. The false discovery rate correction was applied, which accounts for multiple testing and spatial dependence. Absolute Gi_Bin values of 1, 2, and 3 correspond to 90, 95, and 99% confidence, respectively. For the purpose of MPA network planning, only 1 km planning units with Gi_Bin values of 3 (99% confidence) were classified as habitat richness hotspots. This layer was reviewed as part of a Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat (CSAS) regional peer review process on Nov 1-2, 2017 (Rubidge et al. 2018).References:Gregr, E.J., Lessard, J., and Harper, J. 2013. A spatial framework for representing nearshore ecosystems. Prog. Oceanog. 115: 189-201Rubidge E. Jeffery, S., Gregr, E., Gale, K.S.P., and Frid, A. in revision. Assessment of nearshore features in the Northern Shelf Bioregion against criteria for determining Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs). DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc.Rubidge, E., Nephin, J., Gale, K.S.P., and Curtis, J. 2018. Reassessment of the Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas (EBSAs) in the Pacific Northern Shelf Bioregion. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2018/053: xii+97 p.Ryder, J.L., Kenyon, J.K., Buffett, D., Moore, K., Ceh, M., and Stipec, K. 2007. An integrated biophysical assessment of estuarine habitats in British Columbia to assist regional conservation planning. Canadian Wildlife Service Technical Report Series 476. Pacific and Yukon Region, British Columbia.

Service Item Id: bb081797405841fd884c0c464144ef3b

Copyright Text: Data Collector: Various - see BCMCA metadata for details (kelp, eelgrass, surfgrass); PECP (estuaries); NRCan/CHS (substrate) Data Processor/Holder: DFO

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